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|linking_name = the Federal State of Novorossiya#Donetsk People's Republic |image_flag = New_Donetsk_Peoples_Republic_flag.svg |image_flag2= |alt_flag = |flag_caption= Flag |flag = Flag |image_coat = Official Donetsk People's Republic coat of arms.png |symbol_type = Coat of arms |image_map = Donetsk (orthographic projection).svg |map_width = 230px |map_caption = Territory claimed by the Donetsk People's Republic |national_motto = |national_anthem = Vstavay, Donbass! (Arise, Donbass!) |official_languages = Russian〔 Ukrainian〔 〕 |recognized_regional_languages = |ethnic_groups = |ethnic_groups_year = |capital = Donetsk |largest_city = capital (other large cities with more than 50,000 people: Makiivka, Horlivka, Yenakiieve, Torez, Snizhne, Shakhtarsk) |government_type = Unitary semi-presidential republic |legislature = People's Soviet |sovereignty_type = Independence |established_event1 = Declared |established_date1 = 7 April 2014 |established_event2 = Referendum |established_date2 = 11 May 2014 |established_event3 = Referendum ratified |established_date3 = 12 May 2014 |established_event4 = Agreement to form a confederation with the Luhansk People's Republic signed |established_date4 = 24 May 2014〔 |area_rank = |area_magnitude = |area_km2 = |area_sq_mi = |percent_water = |population_estimate = 2,682,357 (Estimate based on pre-war populations of cities and raions completely or majoritarily controlled by Donetsk People's Republic: Debaltseve, Dokuchaievsk, Donetsk, Gorlovka, Khartsyzk, Kirovske, Makiivka, Shakhtarsk, Snizhne, Torez, Yasynuvata, Yenakiieve, Amvrosievskiy, Novoazovskiy, Shakhtarskiy, Starobeshevskiy, Telmanovskiy, Yasinuvatskiy): 55.6% of the population of the Donetsk Oblast in Ukraine, before the Donbass status referendum in Donetsk, 2014. |population_estimate_year = |population_estimate_rank = |population_census = |population_census_year = |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_density_rank = |currency = Ukrainian hryvnia (most common); Russian ruble (less common); Euro, U.S. dollar (legal but rarely used) 〔"In theory, it is possible to pay with Ukrainian hryvnias, Russian rubles, US dollars, and euros in the DPR and the LPR. However, only the two former currencies are in common use. Their exchange rate has been fixed by the governments, and is 1:2 (one hryvnia is the equivalent of two rubles). However, there is a shortage of low denomination rubles, so the Ukrainian hryvnia is still the most popular means of payment." http://www.osw.waw.pl/en/publikacje/osw-commentary/2015-06-17/war-republics-donbas-one-year-after-outbreak-conflict〕 Novorossia ruble (proposed) |leader_name1 = Alexander Zakharchenko |leader_title1 = Prime Minister |leader_name2 = Denis Pushilin |leader_title2 = Chairman of the People's Soviet |religion = Russian Orthodox |calling_code = |footnote_a = |footnote_b = |footnote_c = |footnote_d = |footnotes = |drives_on = right |time_zone = |utc_offset =+3 }} The Donetsk People's Republic (DPR or DNR) (, (ウクライナ語:Донецька Народна Республіка), ') is an unrecognized state, supported by several rebel groups〔("War is Exploding Anew in Ukraine; Rebels Vow More", Lyman, Rick and Kremer, Andrew K. ''New York Times'', 1/23/2015 )〕 based in the Donetsk oblast of Ukraine, where it controls territory. In Ukraine it is considered a terrorist organisation. Donetsk People's Republic is a self-proclaimed state whose existence is unrecognized by the international community, that receives humanitarian and military support from Russia. It was also a constituent state of the self-proclaimed confederation of Novorossiya (referencing the corresponding historical region and its name), and since February 2015 assigned itself the status of successor to the historic self-declared Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ukraine crisis: No breakthrough in talks between Hollande, Merkel and Putin )〕 On 20 May 2015 the leadership of the Federal State of Novorossiya announced the termination of the confederation 'project'.〔 〕 The entity was declared on 7 April 2014 by a group of armed and masked militants led by Russian Col. Igor Girkin who at the time occupied the Regional Administration and the City Hall buildings in Donetsk. Occupation of government buildings then spread to other cities in the region. The self-proclaimed state's activities were, , headed by the Donetsk Republic organization, a group which had been banned in Ukraine since 2007, and on 16 May 2014, the Republic as a whole was classified as a terrorist organization by the state. The Donetsk People's Republic has been recognized only by the unrecognized Republic of South Ossetia, on 27 June 2014. On 15 April 2014, acting President Olexander Turchynov announced the start of a military counteroffensive to confront the pro-Russian militants, and on 17 April, tensions de-escalated as Russia, the US, and the EU agreed on a roadmap to defuse the Ukraine crisis.〔 〕 However, officials of the People's Republic ignored the agreement and vowed to continue their occupations until a referendum is accepted or the government in Kiev resigns. Since the agreement, the Security Service of Ukraine continued to detain Russians entering the country with large amounts of money and military gear. On 11 May, status referendums were held in Donetsk and Luhansk, where separatist leaders claimed that a vast majority of participants voted in support of the establishment of the People's Republics. On 24 May, the two separatist republics signed an agreement confirming their merger into a confederation called the Federal State of Novorossiya. Between April and July 2014 some parts of Ukraine's Donetsk Oblast were brought under the control of the Donetsk People's Republic; however the Armed Forces of Ukraine regained many of these areas in its early July 2014 post-ceasefire government offensive during the War in Donbass.〔 This offensive led to the Donetsk People's Republic only controlling the areas near to the city of Donetsk. In the pro-Russian forces August 2014 counter-offensive the Donetsk People's Republic with the help of Russian troops and arms gained territory again.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ukraine crisis: Timeline )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ukraine crisis in maps )〕 Over 50% of the total Donetsk oblast population (according to a November 2014 rebel estimates, which is roughly in line with the estimate of the Ukrainian government), around 1,870,000 people, live under separatist rule.〔 Although the rebels do not have control of most of Donetsk Oblast, this number is relatively high since the DPR has been controlling major urban areas and cities like Donetsk and Horlivka.〔 〕 In an effort to stabilize the ceasefire in the region, particularly the disputed and strategically important town of Debaltseve, Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko has called for a UN-led peacekeeping operation to monitor the compliance with the agreement achieved during the latest round of Minsk peace talks.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Ukraine conflict: Poroshenko calls for UN peacekeepers )〕 == Background == In May 2014 Lucian Kim of ''Slate'' reported "the Maidan protest, characterized by the Kremlin as a Western-sponsored armed coup, is being crudely imitated in towns across the Donetsk region. "If the guys on the Maidan could revolt, why can't we?" has been the pro-Russian supporters' motto ... ". Similar attempts to seize the Regional State Administration (RSA) building have been occurring since pro-Russian protests began in the Eastern and Southern regions of Ukraine in the wake of the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. Pro-Russian militants previously occupied the Donetsk RSA from 1 to 6 March, before being removed by the Security Service of Ukraine. According to Ukrainian authorities the seizure of RSA's are part of "a script which has been written in the Russian Federation" to destabilize Ukraine and bring in Russian troops executed by "about 1,500 radicals in each region who spoke with clear Russian accents". 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Donetsk People's Republic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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